Topic summary
9% 6 analyzed articles/videos 7,329 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Philadelphia History results contain 43 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Framing Effect , and Availability Heuristic , with Attempt to Sell a Product or Service as the most egregious example at 4.3% saturation with 1,257 hits . Analysis detected 7,288 faulty-reasoning hits from 29,031 analyzed words across 6 articles, generating a BS Score of 0.6% and a BS Rank of 1% (24,040 of 24,126 topics). This Philadelphia History is better (less manipulative) than 99.60% of the peer group. Philadelphia History
Topic details
Total words: 29,031
Article count: 6
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
0% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 0.4% percentile 0.6% BS Score6 analyzed articles29K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 1.8% 1.8% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 1.8% 1.8% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 1.1% 1.1% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 1.1% 1.1% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 1.6% 1.6% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Topic 1.1% 1.1% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Topic 0.6% 0.6% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Topic 0.5% 0.5% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 1.3% 1.3% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Topic 0.9% 0.9% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 1.8%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 1.8%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 0.9%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 0.9%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 4.6% Attempt to Sell a Product or Service: Topic 4.3%, sitewide 0.5% Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 1.0%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 2.5% Bandwagon: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 2.2% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 2.0% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst