Topic summary
51% 10 analyzed articles/videos 7,716 analyzed words
BS Summary: These City Ordinances results contain 48 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion , Framing Effect , and Optimism Bias , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 6.4% saturation with 1,851 hits . Analysis detected 16,767 faulty-reasoning hits from 28,906 analyzed words across 10 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.2% and a BS Rank of 9% (20,561 of 22,488 topics). This City Ordinances is better (less manipulative) than 91.40% of the peer group. City Ordinances
Topic details
Total words: 28,906
Article count: 10
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
9% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 8.6% percentile 1.2% BS Score10 analyzed articles28.9K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 3.7% 3.7% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 6.4% 6.4% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 5.0% 5.0% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 2.8% 2.8% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 2.7% 2.7% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Topic 0.7% 0.7% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 0.6% 0.6% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Topic 3.4% 3.4% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Topic 3.1% 3.1% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Topic 0.9% 0.9% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 3.7%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 6.4%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 5.0%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Topic 2.8%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Topic 3.4%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 3.1%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 3.6%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 2.0%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Topic 3.1%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 0.9%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 1.7%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 0.6%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 2.5% Bandwagon: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Topic 1.3%, sitewide 2.2% Ad Hominem: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 2.2% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 2.0% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst