Topic summary
⁠59%4 analyzed articles/videos980 analyzed words
BS Summary: These City Development results contain 33 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias, Optimism Bias, and Biased Writer Voice, with Framing Effect as the most egregious example at 8.9% saturation with 502 hits. Analysis detected 3,067 faulty-reasoning hits from 5,622 analyzed words across 4 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.7% and a BS Rank of ⁠27% (18,068 of 24,570 topics). This City Development is better (less manipulative) than 73.50% of the peer group.
City Development
Topic details

Ranking context

Position among analyzed topics

27% percentile
025507510026.5% percentile
1.7% BS Score4 analyzed articles5.6K analyzed words

Reasoning profile

Selected profile versus the sitewide rate

TopicSitewideShared scale 0–50%
0.0%10%20%30%40%50%Framing EffectSitewide 26.9%Topic 8.9%8.9%Appeal to EmotionSitewide 15.9%Topic 1.7%1.7%Negativity BiasSitewide 19.2%Topic 5.5%5.5%Appeal to AuthoritySitewide 11.1%Topic 1.7%1.7%Availability HeuristicSitewide 9.1%Topic 0.2%0.2%Confirmation BiasSitewide 7.5%Topic 0.3%0.3%Halo EffectSitewide 6.7%Topic 0.9%0.9%Hasty GeneralizationSitewide 8.1%Topic 2.6%2.6%Overconfidence BiasSitewide 4.6%Topic 1.1%1.1%Anchoring BiasSitewide 4.0%Topic 0.7%0.7%

Sitewide departure map

Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often

0.0%0.0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%Framing Effect: Topic 8.9%, sitewide 26.9%Negativity Bias: Topic 5.5%, sitewide 19.2%Appeal to Emotion: Topic 1.7%, sitewide 15.9%Appeal to Authority: Topic 1.7%, sitewide 11.1%Availability Heuristic: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 9.1%Hasty Generalization: Topic 2.6%, sitewide 8.1%Confirmation Bias: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 7.5%Halo Effect: Topic 0.9%, sitewide 6.7%Optimism Bias: Topic 4.6%, sitewide 6.0%Biased Writer Voice: Topic 3.4%, sitewide 5.3%Overconfidence Bias: Topic 1.1%, sitewide 4.6%Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 4.0%Self-Serving Bias: Topic 1.4%, sitewide 3.7%Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 1.1%, sitewide 3.3%Attempt to Sell a Product or Service: Topic 3.2%, sitewide 0.5%Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 2.7%Recency Bias: Topic 1.8%, sitewide 2.7%Status Quo Bias: Topic 2.6%, sitewide 2.2%Loss Aversion: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 2.5%Slippery Slope: Topic 2.4%, sitewide 1.7%Politically Left Leaning Bias: Topic 2.2%, sitewide 2.0%Representativeness Heuristic: Topic 0.2%, sitewide 1.9%Pessimism Bias: Topic 1.2%, sitewide 1.9%False Dilemma: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 1.5%Framing EffectSitewide rateTopic rate

Analyzed articles and videos