Author summary
33% 4 analyzed articles/videos 3,383 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Sage Kelley results contain 40 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Framing Effect , and Biased Writer Voice , with Appeal to Emotion as the most egregious example at 6.7% saturation with 911 hits . Analysis detected 7,016 faulty-reasoning hits from 13,532 analyzed words across 4 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.3% and a BS Rank of 15% (7,467 of 8,735 authors). This Sage Kelley is better (less manipulative) than 85.50% of the peer group. Sage Kelley
Author details
Total words: 13,532
Article count: 4
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
15% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 14.5% percentile 1.3% BS Score4 analyzed articles13.5K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 3.5% 3.5% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 6.2% 6.2% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 0.5% 0.5% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 6.7% 6.7% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 2.1% 2.1% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Author 2.1% 2.1% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Author 1.8% 1.8% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Author 1.4% 1.4% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Author 2.5% 2.5% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Author 1.8% 1.8% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 3.5%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 6.2%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 6.7%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 0.5%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 2.1%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Author 2.1%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 1.8%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Author 1.4%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Author 2.5%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Author 1.8%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Author 3.2%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Author 1.9%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Author 0.9%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Author 0.2%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Author 0.7%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 1.4%, sitewide 3.3% Fundamental Attribution Error: Author 1.4%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Author 1.2%, sitewide 2.5% Bandwagon: Author 0.6%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Author 0.5%, sitewide 2.2% Ad Hominem: Author 1.8%, sitewide 2.2% Representativeness Heuristic: Author 0.2%, sitewide 1.9% Pessimism Bias: Author 1.1%, sitewide 1.9% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst