Author summary
84% 1 analyzed article/video 1,178 analyzed words
BS Summary: These David A. Graham results contain 32 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Confirmation Bias , and Politically Left Leaning Bias , with Biased Writer Voice as the most egregious example at 37.6% saturation with 1,772 hits . Analysis detected 6,403 faulty-reasoning hits from 4,712 analyzed words across 1 article, generating a BS Score of 4.2% and a BS Rank of 84% (1,500 of 9,172 authors). This David A. Graham is worse (more manipulative) than 83.70% of the peer group. David A. Graham
Author details
Total words: 4,712
Article count: 1
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
84% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 83.7% percentile 4.2% BS Score1 analyzed articles4.7K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide 5.3% Author 37.6% 37.6% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 2.5% 2.5% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 3.3% 3.3% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 1.1% 1.1% Politically Left Leaning … Sitewide 2.0% Author 9.2% 9.2% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Author 0.7% 0.7% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 6.4% 6.4% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Author 0.4% 0.4% Ad Hominem Sitewide 2.2% Author 6.4% 6.4% Unattributed Quote Sitewide 1.1% Author 4.8% 4.8% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Biased Writer Voice: Author 37.6%, sitewide 5.3% Framing Effect: Author 2.5%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 16.5%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 3.3%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 6.4%, sitewide 11.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 10.4%, sitewide 7.5% Politically Left Leaning Bias: Author 9.2%, sitewide 2.0% Availability Heuristic: Author 1.1%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Author 5.0%, sitewide 8.1% In-Group Bias: Author 3.3%, sitewide 6.9% Ad Hominem: Author 6.4%, sitewide 2.2% Optimism Bias: Author 0.7%, sitewide 6.0% Pessimism Bias: Author 4.8%, sitewide 1.9% Unattributed Quote: Author 4.8%, sitewide 1.1% Overconfidence Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 4.6% Fundamental Attribution Error: Author 3.6%, sitewide 2.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Author 2.8%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Author 0.6%, sitewide 3.1% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Author 3.0%, sitewide 0.8% Recency Bias: Author 1.8%, sitewide 2.7% Begging the Question: Author 2.5%, sitewide 1.7% Status Quo Bias: Author 0.3%, sitewide 2.2% Representativeness Heuristic: Author 0.2%, sitewide 1.9% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 1.8%, sitewide 0.0% Biased Writer Voice Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst