Topic summary
⁠21%2 analyzed articles/videos818 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Testimony results contain 31 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion, Ad Hominem, and Framing Effect, with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 8% saturation with 363 hits. Analysis detected 2,231 faulty-reasoning hits from 4,524 analyzed words across 2 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.6% and a BS Rank of ⁠23% (18,166 of 23,414 topics). This Testimony is better (less manipulative) than 77.60% of the peer group.
Testimony
Topic details
Total words: 4,524
Article count: 2
Authors

Ranking context

Position among analyzed topics

22% percentile
025507510022.4% percentile
1.6% BS Score2 analyzed articles4.5K analyzed words

Reasoning profile

Selected profile versus the sitewide rate

TopicSitewideShared scale 0–50%
0.0%10%20%30%40%50%Framing EffectSitewide 26.9%Topic 3.9%3.9%Negativity BiasSitewide 19.2%Topic 8.0%8.0%Appeal to EmotionSitewide 15.9%Topic 5.2%5.2%Appeal to AuthoritySitewide 11.1%Topic 1.6%1.6%Availability HeuristicSitewide 9.1%Topic 1.8%1.8%Hasty GeneralizationSitewide 8.1%Topic 1.6%1.6%In-Group BiasSitewide 6.9%Topic 0.6%0.6%Confirmation BiasSitewide 7.5%Topic 1.6%1.6%Optimism BiasSitewide 6.0%Topic 0.1%0.1%Halo EffectSitewide 6.7%Topic 0.9%0.9%

Sitewide departure map

Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often

0.0%0.0%10%10%20%20%30%30%40%40%50%50%Framing Effect: Topic 3.9%, sitewide 26.9%Negativity Bias: Topic 8.0%, sitewide 19.2%Appeal to Emotion: Topic 5.2%, sitewide 15.9%Appeal to Authority: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 11.1%Availability Heuristic: Topic 1.8%, sitewide 9.1%Hasty Generalization: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 8.1%Confirmation Bias: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 7.5%In-Group Bias: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 6.9%Halo Effect: Topic 0.9%, sitewide 6.7%Optimism Bias: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 6.0%Biased Writer Voice: Topic 2.3%, sitewide 5.3%Anecdotal: Topic 2.4%, sitewide 5.2%Ad Hominem: Topic 4.7%, sitewide 2.2%Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.7%, sitewide 4.0%Self-Serving Bias: Topic 2.1%, sitewide 3.7%Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 0.3%, sitewide 3.3%Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.4%, sitewide 2.7%Recency Bias: Topic 1.5%, sitewide 2.7%Unattributed Quote: Topic 1.8%, sitewide 1.1%Burden of Proof: Topic 1.8%, sitewide 0.4%False Dilemma: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 1.5%Hindsight Bias: Topic 0.3%, sitewide 1.4%Politically Right Leaning Bias: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 1.4%Indoctrination: Topic 1.2%, sitewide 0.0%Framing EffectSitewide rateTopic rate

Analyzed articles and videos