Topic summary
29% 23 analyzed articles/videos 14,753 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Philadelphia results contain 48 faulty reasoning types, including Negativity Bias , Hasty Generalization , and Framing Effect , with Optimism Bias as the most egregious example at 4.4% saturation with 2,591 hits . Analysis detected 29,018 faulty-reasoning hits from 59,377 analyzed words across 23 articles, generating a BS Score of 1% and a BS Rank of 5% (21,275 of 22,206 topics). This Philadelphia is better (less manipulative) than 95.80% of the peer group. Philadelphia
Topic details
Total words: 59,377
Article count: 23
Authors
Ranking context Position among analyzed topics
4% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 4.2% percentile 1.0% BS Score23 analyzed articles59.4K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Topic 2.6% 2.6% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Topic 4.2% 4.2% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Topic 2.4% 2.4% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Topic 1.6% 1.6% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Topic 2.3% 2.3% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Topic 1.0% 1.0% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Topic 2.7% 2.7% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Topic 2.5% 2.5% Halo Effect Sitewide 6.7% Topic 2.2% 2.2% Overconfidence Bias Sitewide 4.6% Topic 0.8% 0.8% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Topic 2.6%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Topic 4.2%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Topic 2.4%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Topic 1.6%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Topic 2.3%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Topic 2.7%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Topic 2.5%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Topic 1.0%, sitewide 6.9% Halo Effect: Topic 2.2%, sitewide 6.7% Optimism Bias: Topic 4.4%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Topic 2.4%, sitewide 5.3% Anecdotal: Topic 1.8%, sitewide 5.2% Overconfidence Bias: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 4.6% Anchoring Bias: Topic 0.8%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Topic 1.5%, sitewide 3.7% Post Hoc (False Cause): Topic 1.4%, sitewide 3.3% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 2.7% Loss Aversion: Topic 0.6%, sitewide 2.5% Bandwagon: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 2.2% Status Quo Bias: Topic 0.5%, sitewide 2.2% Ad Hominem: Topic 0.1%, sitewide 2.2% Attempt to Sell a Product or Service: Topic 2.1%, sitewide 0.5% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Topic rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst