Author summary
21% 3 analyzed articles/videos 504 analyzed words
BS Summary: These Paul Farrell results contain 23 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Emotion , Availability Heuristic , and Appeal to Authority , with Negativity Bias as the most egregious example at 7.3% saturation with 416 hits . Analysis detected 2,157 faulty-reasoning hits from 5,660 analyzed words across 3 articles, generating a BS Score of 1.7% and a BS Rank of 31% (6,581 of 9,471 authors). This Paul Farrell is better (less manipulative) than 69.50% of the peer group. Paul Farrell
Author details
Total words: 5,660
Article count: 3
Publications
Ranking context Position among analyzed authors
31% percentile 0 25 50 75 100 30.5% percentile 1.7% BS Score3 analyzed articles5.7K analyzed words
Reasoning profile Selected profile versus the sitewide rate
Highest rates Largest gaps
Shared scale 0–50%
0.0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Framing Effect Sitewide 26.9% Author 1.2% 1.2% Negativity Bias Sitewide 19.2% Author 7.3% 7.3% Appeal to Emotion Sitewide 15.9% Author 5.6% 5.6% Appeal to Authority Sitewide 11.1% Author 2.7% 2.7% Hasty Generalization Sitewide 8.1% Author 0.9% 0.9% In-Group Bias Sitewide 6.9% Author 0.5% 0.5% Availability Heuristic Sitewide 9.1% Author 3.3% 3.3% Confirmation Bias Sitewide 7.5% Author 1.9% 1.9% Optimism Bias Sitewide 6.0% Author 1.0% 1.0% Anchoring Bias Sitewide 4.0% Author 0.8% 0.8% Sitewide departure map Above the diagonal means this profile uses the pattern more often
0.0% 0.0% 10% 10% 20% 20% 30% 30% 40% 40% 50% 50% Framing Effect: Author 1.2%, sitewide 26.9% Negativity Bias: Author 7.3%, sitewide 19.2% Appeal to Emotion: Author 5.6%, sitewide 15.9% Appeal to Authority: Author 2.7%, sitewide 11.1% Availability Heuristic: Author 3.3%, sitewide 9.1% Hasty Generalization: Author 0.9%, sitewide 8.1% Confirmation Bias: Author 1.9%, sitewide 7.5% In-Group Bias: Author 0.5%, sitewide 6.9% Optimism Bias: Author 1.0%, sitewide 6.0% Biased Writer Voice: Author 2.7%, sitewide 5.3% Anchoring Bias: Author 0.8%, sitewide 4.0% Self-Serving Bias: Author 1.0%, sitewide 3.7% Out-Group Homogeneity Bias: Author 0.5%, sitewide 3.1% Fundamental Attribution Error: Author 0.5%, sitewide 2.7% Recency Bias: Author 0.4%, sitewide 2.7% Ambiguity (Equivocation): Author 2.2%, sitewide 0.8% Representativeness Heuristic: Author 2.0%, sitewide 1.9% Pessimism Bias: Author 1.3%, sitewide 1.9% False Dilemma: Author 0.4%, sitewide 1.5% Hindsight Bias: Author 0.2%, sitewide 1.4% Quote-first Misdirection: Author 1.3%, sitewide 0.0% Unattributed Quote: Author 0.1%, sitewide 1.1% Indoctrination: Author 0.3%, sitewide 0.0% Framing Effect Sitewide rate Author rate Analyzed articles and videos Sort by Most recent Article rank - best Article rank - worst