BS Summary: This article contains 19 faulty reasoning types, including Appeal to Authority, Representativeness Heuristic, and Biased Writer Voice, with Ambiguity (Equivocation) as the most egregious example at 8.5% saturation with 66 hits. Analysis detected 507 faulty-reasoning hits from 774 analyzed words, generating a BS Score of 14.7% and a BS Rank of 6% (28,776 of 30,584 articles). This article is better (less manipulative) than 94.10% of the article peer group.

Wayne Township is accepting donations in money, muscle and expertise to maintain the Mount Jackson Cemetery. 
The cemetery at 400 North Tibbs Avenue is more than 200 years old, but there’s little information about who’s buried there. 
According to Trustee Jeb Bardon, a fire destroyed the township’s cemetery files in the 1960s. 
In the 1980s, it attempted to make a new cemetery roster with the help of local scouts by writing down the names on all the visible headstones. 
Many of those headstones have since been destroyed by weather or vandalism, and Bardon said he’d like to get the help of local historians to get a more accurate picture of who’s buried at the cemetery. 
From what’s known, it’s clear that the cemetery was the final resting place for the descendants of many notable westside families, such as the Hardings, Stouts and Cossells. 
It’s also where westsiders who helped write the city’s history are buried. 
Here are some of their stories. 
A soldier and a settler’s descendant 
In the southwestern portion of the cemetery is a headstone with the inscription “Soldier, carpenter, family man.” 
It belongs to William S. 
McCormick, a Civil War veteran of the 51st Indiana Infantry Regiment and a descendent of Indianapolis settler John McCormick . 
He and three of his brothers were part of the same unit, which fought in the battles of Nashville and Franklin in Tennessee and the Battle of Dalton, Georgia. 
Only three of the brothers made it back home alive. 
After the war, McCormick lived in Haughville, where he worked as a carpenter until his death in 1918. 
A Confederate soldier for a while 
Also buried at the cemetery is Hampton Callis, a Trimble County, Kentucky native who joined the Confederate army at age 17. 
He signed up to be a part of the 9th Kentucky Cavalry in September 1862, but the following month he disappeared. 
His unit listed him as a deserter , but Callis was actually taken prisoner by Union forces. 
After the war, Callis moved to Indianapolis and worked as a carpenter until his death in 1903. 
An officer killed by his own partner 
Patrolman John E. 
McKinney is buried in Section 19 of the cemetery near Tibbs Avenue. 
McKinney lived in West Indianapolis at 1337 S. 
Kappes St., but was assigned to patrol Irvington with his partner, Patrolman Arthur Moore. 
According to an Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department biography of officers killed in the line of duty, on March 8, 1912, both officers began their shift by stopping at a saloon for drinks. 
The two began to argue about whether McKinney was a difficult officer to work with. 
The argument grew and Moore eventually pulled out his revolver and shot McKinney three times. 
McKinney was taken to the hospital and was not expected to survive long. 
Moore stayed at the scene. 
Both had different versions of what happened. 
McKinney told investigators Moore suddenly pulled his gun out and fired at him, while Moore said he fired because McKinney was taking his own gun out. 
McKinney died of his wounds on March 31, and Moore was charged with murder. 
He was tried in Martinsville and was found not guilty. 
The last man executed by hanging 
George Williams , the last man to be executed by hanging in Indiana, is buried in Mount Jackson Cemetery. 
He was sentenced to death for killing Indianapolis police officer Edward Petticord in 1906. 
In September that year, Petticord and his partner Charles J. 
Russell ran into Williams and his friend Jesse Coe near 24th Street and Indianapolis Avenue. 
When Russell stepped forward to search Coe, Coe pulled out a gun and shot him three times before running away. 
His partner, Petticord, chased Coe before being shot by Williams in the back. 
Both officers would later die. 
Williams was caught soon after the shootings and tried for Petticord’s murder. 
After 17 minutes of deliberation, the jury found Williams guilty and sentenced him to death by hanging. 
Williams was executed in Michigan City in 1907. 
After his death, Williams’ body was returned to Indianapolis. 
His two brothers couldn’t afford his burial, so they held a viewing to collect money from locals. 
More than 2,500 viewed his body and many left a small amount of money. 
Ultimately, the brothers were able to raise enough money to bury him at Mount Jackson Cemetery. 
Coe was later found in Kentucky in 1908 and was killed by a posse sent to apprehend him. 
In 1913, the Indiana General Assembly changed the state’s official form of execution to the electric chair, which it used until 1994. 
Article reasoning-pattern comparisonThis article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.1%Mirror Indy: 1.1%Confirmation Bias0.0%This article: 2.8%Enrique Saenz: 0.2%Mirror Indy: 0.5%Anchoring Bias2.8%This article: 4.1%Enrique Saenz: 1.3%Mirror Indy: 1.4%Availability Heuristic4.1%This article: 5.2%Enrique Saenz: 0.5%Mirror Indy: 0.5%Representativeness Heuristic5.2%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.2%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Hindsight Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.6%Mirror Indy: 0.4%Overconfidence Bias0.0%This article: 3.2%Enrique Saenz: 0.5%Mirror Indy: 1.7%Framing Effect3.2%This article: 2.2%Enrique Saenz: 0.2%Mirror Indy: 0.6%Loss Aversion2.2%This article: 3.5%Enrique Saenz: 0.4%Mirror Indy: 0.4%Status Quo Bias3.5%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Sunk Cost Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.6%Mirror Indy: 1.9%Optimism Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.7%Mirror Indy: 0.6%Pessimism Bias0.0%This article: 4.3%Enrique Saenz: 2.4%Mirror Indy: 2.9%Negativity Bias4.3%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.7%Self-Serving Bias0.0%This article: 1.9%Enrique Saenz: 0.3%Mirror Indy: 0.5%Fundamental Attribution Error1.9%This article: 0.6%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Actor-Observer Bias0.6%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.5%In-Group Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.3%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Out-Group Homogeneity Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 1.3%Halo Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Horn Effect0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Dunning-Kruger Effect0.0%This article: 0.8%Enrique Saenz: 0.1%Mirror Indy: 0.4%Recency Bias0.8%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Primacy Effect0.0%This article: 3.4%Enrique Saenz: 0.2%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Blind-Spot Bias3.4%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Ad Hominem0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Straw Man0.0%This article: 6.6%Enrique Saenz: 2.5%Mirror Indy: 1.4%Appeal to Authority6.6%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.3%Mirror Indy: 0.5%False Dilemma0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.2%Slippery Slope0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Circular Reasoning0.0%This article: 3.6%Enrique Saenz: 1.0%Mirror Indy: 2.4%Hasty Generalization3.6%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.3%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Red Herring0.0%This article: 1.8%Enrique Saenz: 0.3%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Bandwagon1.8%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.4%Mirror Indy: 1.6%Appeal to Emotion0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.2%Begging the Question0.0%This article: 2.1%Enrique Saenz: 0.4%Mirror Indy: 1.0%Post Hoc (False Cause)2.1%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Tu Quoque0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.3%Burden of Proof0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Appeal to Nature0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.3%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Composition/Division0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 3.4%Mirror Indy: 2.3%Anecdotal0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.1%No True Scotsman0.0%This article: 8.5%Enrique Saenz: 0.8%Mirror Indy: 0.6%Ambiguity (Equivocation)8.5%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Gambler’s Fallacy0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.3%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Middle Ground0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Personal Incredulity0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Special Pleading0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Genetic Fallacy0.0%This article: 4.1%Enrique Saenz: 0.5%Mirror Indy: 0.6%Unattributed Quote4.1%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.1%Quote-first Misdirection0.0%This article: 4.7%Enrique Saenz: 0.3%Mirror Indy: 1.7%Biased Writer Voice4.7%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.1%Mirror Indy: 0.9%Indoctrination0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.2%Politically Left Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 0.0%Enrique Saenz: 0.0%Mirror Indy: 0.0%Politically Right Leaning Bias0.0%This article: 2.1%Enrique Saenz: 0.6%Mirror Indy: 1.4%Attempt to Sell a Product or S…2.1%

774 words analyzed.

Speakers

2speakers11%attributed speech691writer words
100%flagged-word coverage
32 attributed words39% of attributed speech48% writer coverage
0%50.0%100.0%Unattributed Quote+100.0 ptsWriter: 0.0%Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department: 100.0%100.0%Attempt to Sell a Product -2.3 ptsWriter: 2.3%Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department: 0.0%0.0%

Attribution is sentence-level. Pattern percentages are calculated only from words assigned to that voice.

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Analysis

Hover over highlighted words in the article to view the associated bias or fallacy analysis.